“Sakamakon damisar Tasmania” masu kama da kerkeci waɗanda suka bunƙasa a tsibirin Tasmania kafin su mutu a shekara ta 1936 mai yiwuwa sun rayu a cikin jeji fiye da yadda ake tsammani a baya, bincike ya nuna. Akwai kuma 'yar yuwuwar har yanzu suna raye, in ji masana.
Tigers Tasmanian, kuma aka sani da thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) sun kasance masu cin naman dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar ce wacce ke da ratsi daban-daban a bayansu. An samo nau'in nau'in asali ne a duk faɗin Ostiraliya amma ya ɓace daga babban yankin kusan shekaru 3,000 da suka wuce saboda zalunci. Ya ci gaba da wanzuwa a tsibirin Tasmania har sai da wata baiwar gwamnati da turawa na farko suka gabatar a cikin shekarun 1880 ta lalatar da jama'a tare da kori nau'in su bacewa.
Andrew Pask, farfesa a fannin ilimin halitta a Jami'ar Melbourne a Ostiraliya ya ce "Tylacine ya kasance na musamman a tsakanin dabbobi masu rai." "Ba wai kawai tana da kamannin kyan gani ba, amma kuma ita ce kawai macijin koli na marsupial. Mafarauta na Apex suna samar da mahimman sassa na sarkar abinci kuma galibi suna da alhakin daidaita yanayin yanayin.
Thylacine na ƙarshe da aka sani ya mutu a zaman bauta a gidan zoo na Hobart a Tasmania a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 1936. Yana daya daga cikin 'yan tsirarun nau'in dabbobi waɗanda aka san ainihin ranar bacewa, bisa ga bayanin. Thylacine Integrated Genomic Restoration Research (TIGRR) Lab, wanda Pask ke jagoranta da nufin dawo da damisar Tasmania daga matattu.
Amma yanzu, masana kimiyya sun ce mai yiwuwa thylacines sun rayu a cikin daji har zuwa shekarun 1980, tare da "karamin dama" har yanzu suna iya ɓoyewa a wani wuri a yau. A cikin binciken da aka buga Maris 18, 2023, a cikin mujallar Kimiyya na Jimillar Muhalli, masu bincike sun tattara sama da 1,237 sun ba da rahoton abubuwan gani na thylacine a Tasmania daga 1910 zuwa gaba.
Ƙungiyar ta kiyasta amincin waɗannan rahotanni da kuma inda thylacines zai iya ci gaba bayan 1936. "Mun yi amfani da wani sabon salo don taswirar yanayin ƙasa na raguwa a fadin Tasmania, da kuma kimanta ranar da za ta ƙare bayan yin la'akari da yawancin rashin tabbas," in ji shi. Barry Brook, farfesa na dorewar muhalli a Jami'ar Tasmania kuma jagoran marubucin binciken.
Thylacine na iya wanzuwa a wurare masu nisa har zuwa ƙarshen 1980s ko 1990s, tare da farkon kwanan wata don bacewa a tsakiyar 1950s, masu bincike sun nuna. Masanan kimiyyar sun yi nuni da cewa wasu damisar Tasmania har yanzu ana iya jibge su a cikin jejin kudu maso yammacin jihar.
Amma wasu suna shakka. "Babu wata shaida da ta tabbatar da duk abubuwan da aka gani," in ji Pask. "Abu daya da ke da ban sha'awa game da thylacine shine yadda ya samo asali ya zama kamar kerkeci kuma ya bambanta da sauran marsupials. Saboda wannan, yana da matukar wahala a iya bambanta tazara tsakanin thylacine da kare kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa har yanzu muke ci gaba da samun abubuwan gani da yawa duk da cewa ba mu sami matacciyar dabba ko hoto marar tabbas ba. "
Idan da thylacines sun daɗe da rayuwa a cikin daji, da wani zai ci karo da matacciyar dabba, in ji Pask. Duk da haka, "zai yiwu a wannan lokacin (a cikin 1936) cewa wasu dabbobi sun dage a cikin daji," in ji Pask. "Idan akwai wadanda suka tsira, akwai kadan."
Yayin da wasu mutane ke neman damisar Tasmania da suka tsira, Pask da abokan aikinsa suna so su farfado da nau'in. "Saboda thylacine wani lamari ne na lalacewa na baya-bayan nan, muna da samfurori masu kyau da DNA na isasshen inganci don yin wannan sosai," in ji Pask. "Tylacine shima ɓarkewar ɗan adam ne, ba na halitta bane, kuma mafi mahimmanci, yanayin yanayin da yake rayuwa har yanzu yana nan, yana ba da wurin komawa."
Kashewa yana da rigima kuma ya kasance mai sarƙaƙƙiya da tsada, a cewar National Museum of Ostiraliya. Wadanda ke goyon bayan farfado da thylacine sun ce dabbobin na iya bunkasa kokarin kiyayewa. "Tylacine tabbas zai taimaka wajen daidaita yanayin halittu a Tasmania," in ji Pask. "Bugu da ƙari, mahimman fasahohi da albarkatun da aka ƙirƙira a cikin aikin ɓarnawar thylacine za su kasance masu mahimmanci a yanzu don taimakawa adanawa da adana ɓangarorin halittunmu masu haɗari da barazana."
Wadanda ke adawa da shi, duk da haka, sun ce karewa yana kawar da hankalin daga hana sabbin rugujewa kuma cewa yawan mutanen thylacine da aka farfado ba zai iya dorewar kansa ba. Corey Bradshaw, farfesa a fannin ilimin halittu na duniya a Jami'ar Flinders ya ce "Babu wata fa'ida don sake haifar da isassun samfuran thylacine daban-daban waɗanda za su iya rayuwa kuma su dawwama da zarar an fito da su."
