Dutsen Cochno: Shin wannan taswirar tauraro mai shekaru 5000 zai iya zama shaida na bacewar wayewar ci gaba?

Masu binciken kayan tarihi ba za su iya tabbatar da ainihin abin da aka kwatanta a kan babban falon ba, dalla-dalla kamar taurari da taurari.

Dutsen Cochno, wanda aka samu a Yammacin Dunbartonshire, Scotland, an yi imanin yana ɗauke da mafi kyawun misali na kofin Bronze Age da zane-zanen zobe a Turai, tare da ɗaruruwan ruɗaɗɗen dunƙule, zane-zane, zane-zane na geometric, da alamu masu ban mamaki na nau'ikan iri daban-daban.

Zane na Dutsen Cochno na WA Donnelly a cikin 1895
Zane na Dutsen Cochno na WA Donnelly a cikin 1895 © Wikimedia Commons

An fara rubuta Dutsen Cochno a cikin 1887 ta Rev. James Harvey. Shekaru 78 bayan haka, an sake binne dutsen a 1965 don kare shi daga lalata. Rev. James Harvey ya samo dutsen 42ft by 26ft a cikin 1887, a kan filayen kusa da abin da yanzu ke zama rukunin gidaje na Faifley a wajen Clydebank. Yana da kusan zane-zane 90 da aka sani da alamar "kofin" da "zobe".

Alamun kofi da zobe wani nau'i ne na tsohuwar fasaha wanda ya ƙunshi ɓacin rai da aka yanke zuwa saman dutse kuma wani lokaci ana kewaye shi da da'irar da'ira kamar haka a cikin dutsen. Aikin zane yana bayyana a matsayin petroglyph a kan duwatsun halitta da ƙetare, da kuma akan megaliths kamar su katako, zoben dutse, da kaburbura.

Alamar dutse Cochno
Cikakkun bayanai na kofi da alamar zobe akan Dutsen Cochno. © Hukumar Sarauta akan tsoffin abubuwan tarihi da tarihi na Scotland.

Arewacin Ingila, Scotland, Ireland, Portugal, Arewa maso yammacin Spain, Arewa maso yammacin Italiya, Girka ta tsakiya, da Switzerland sune wuraren da aka fi sani. Koyaya, an gano nau'ikan iri iri a duk faɗin duniya, gami da Mexico, Brazil, da Indiya.

Kofin da alamar zobe da ke kan dutsen Cochno, waɗanda ake tunanin sun kai kusan shekaru 5,000, suna tare da gicciye kafin Kiristanci da aka ɗora a cikin kwali, da kuma ƙafafu guda biyu da aka sassaƙa, kowannensu da ƙafafu huɗu kawai. Saboda nau'ikan alamomin da ke kansa, an ayyana Dutsen Cochno a matsayin abin tunawa da aka tsara kuma yana da mahimmancin ƙasa.

Tawun ƙafa huɗu masu ƙafafu da aka zana a saman Dutsen Cochno.
Tawun ƙafa huɗu masu ƙafafu da aka zana a saman Dutsen Cochno. © Hukumar Sarauta akan tsoffin abubuwan tarihi da tarihi na Scotland.

Masu binciken kayan tarihi ba za su iya tabbatar da ainihin abin da aka kwatanta a kan katafaren falon ba, dalla-dalla kamar taurari da taurari. Babu wani tabbataccen bayani daga masu bincike kan ma'anar ma'anar rikitattun alamomin da aka samu a samanta. Taswirar sama ne ko ƙasa? Ko kuwa bagadi ne da ake yin ibada?

Ko da yake an manta da ainihin mahimmancin Dutsen Cochno, an gabatar da hasashe daban-daban game da abin da zai iya kasancewa.

Wasu ma sun yi iƙirarin cewa tulun haƙiƙa hanyar tashar rayuwa da mutuwa ce, alamar sake haihuwa. Yayin da wasu masana ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi suka yi hasashen cewa zane-zane masu ban mamaki na gida, layi, da zobe, tsohuwar magana ce ta fasahar dutse da aka samu a sassa da yawa na duniya.

A cewar masana, alamomin sun koma zamanin Neolithic da farkon Bronze Age amma akwai wasu alamu da aka gano zuwa yau tun daga zamanin Iron Age.

Wani mai bincike Alexander McCallum ya ba da shawarar cewa Dutsen Cochno taswira ce da ke nuna sauran ƙauyuka a cikin kwarin Clyde. A cewar Alexander, alamun ban mamaki suna tunawa da manyan da'irar amfanin gona waɗanda galibi ana danganta su da wayewar ƙasa.

Yankin Shuka na Liddington, Ingila.
Yankin Shuka na Liddington, Ingila © lucy pringle

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Cochno Stone ba a binne shi ba, an yi nazari da kuma sake binne shi ta hanyar archaeologists sau da yawa. Sun tono wurin kuma sun yi amfani da bincike na zamani da daukar hoto (fasaha na hoto na 3D) don yin rikodin zane-zanen, suna fatan cewa yawan adadin bayanan da suka yi nasarar tattarawa zai taimaka wa sauran masu bincike a ƙoƙarin fassara waɗannan dadadden layukan. Saboda haka, ma'anar Dutsen Cochno ya kasance wani asiri da ba a warware ba har zuwa yau.