Hoton Nampa: Shaida na wayewar shekaru miliyan 2 a Arewacin Amurka?

A cikin Yuli 1889, an gano wani ɗan ƙaramin ɗan adam yayin aikin hako rijiyar a Nampa, Idaho, wanda ya haifar da sha'awar kimiyya mai zurfi a ƙarnin da ya gabata.

Hoton Nampa: Shaida na wayewar shekaru miliyan 2 a Arewacin Amurka? 1
Hoton Nampa, Agusta 1996. Sanar da dinari don nuna sikelin. © Credit Image: Jama'a Domain

Ba tare da kuskure ba da hannun ɗan adam ya yi, an same shi a zurfin (a kusa da 320ft) wanda zai bayyana ya sanya shekarunsa nisa kafin isowar mutum a wannan yanki na duniya, bisa ga dabarun saduwa da juyin halitta. Ko da yake duk jama'ar kimiyya sun manta da su, shaidun, idan aka duba su ba tare da son rai na juyin halitta ba, har yanzu suna da gamsarwa fiye da karni guda bayan gano ta.

Hoton Nampa: Shaida na wayewar shekaru miliyan 2 a Arewacin Amurka? 2
Saboda yanayin rashin ƙarfi, Nampa Figurine yanzu ana adana shi a cikin ƙaramin akwati a cikin ginshiƙi na Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Jihar Idaho a Boise. © Credit Image: Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Jihar Idaho

Karamin "yar tsana" (wanda aka yiwa lakabi da Hoton Nampa) ya ƙunshi rabin yumbu da rabin ma'adini, kuma bisa ga aƙalla ƙwararre, Farfesa Albert A. Wright na Kwalejin Oberlin, ba samfurin ƙaramin yaro ko mai son ba ne, amma wani mai fasaha ne ya yi shi.

Hoton Nampa: Shaida na wayewar shekaru miliyan 2 a Arewacin Amurka? 3
Mark A. Kurtz, mai nemo Hoton Nampa a 1889. A cikin 1887 James A. Pinney, Nathan Falk, Joseph Perrault, John Bernard, da MA Kurtz sun kafa kamfani don gano ruwan artesian a sabon iyakar garin Nampa, Idaho. A watan Yuli na 1889, famfon rijiyar yashi na artesian ya kai zurfin sama da ƙafa 300 - zurfin daga inda aka kwato kayan aikin Hoton Nampa. © Hoto daga Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Jihar Idaho (ISHS).

Ko da yake lokaci ya yi muni sosai, bayyanar 'yar tsana har yanzu ba ta bambanta ba: tana da kai mai shuɗi, tare da baki da idanu da kyar ke iya ganewa: faffadan kafadu: gajere, hannaye masu kauri: da dogayen ƙafafu, ƙafar dama ta karye. Har ila yau, akwai alamar alamar geometric a jikin wannan adadi, waɗanda ke wakiltar ko dai samfuran tufafi ko kayan ado - ana samun su galibi akan ƙirji a wuyansa, da kuma a hannu da wuyan hannu. Tsana ita ce siffar mutum na babban wayewa, mai zane-zane.

Hoton Nampa: Shaida na wayewar shekaru miliyan 2 a Arewacin Amurka? 4
Wani abin mamaki shi ne yadda yanayin kasa bisa bincike da bincike da aka gudanar a wannan adadi ya koma sama da shekaru miliyan biyu da suka gabata. © Credit Image: MRU

Ba kamar daɗaɗɗen kayan tarihi da ƙasusuwa da aka samu a cikin duwatsu masu ɗauke da zinari a cikin tsaunin Saliyo na California a ƙarnin da ya gabata (Gentet, 1991), Hoton Nampa na iya zama maƙasudi kawai ga wayewar da ta riga ta kasance a yanzu da aka binne a ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

A bayyane yake, yana da wahala a da'awar Hoton Nampa don zama kyakkyawar shaida na tsohuwar wayewar ɗan adam a Arewacin Amurka. Duk da haka, shaidun gaskiyar Hoton Nampa suna da nauyi. Yanayin kayan tarihi zai gabatar da ƙalubale ga wani a kan iyakar farko. Kuma famfon yashi, wanda ke aiki a lokacin da aka gano kayan tarihi, ya kebanta da sanya shi daga sama a lokacin da ake ci gaba da aiki da kuma tsira.

Fam ɗin yashi tare da haɗin kai a saman yana da ɗan sama da inci biyar a cikin ɗakin. Tushen yashi daidai shine 4 1/2 inci a waje kuma bawul ɗin yana kusan 3 1/2 inci a ciki. Duk wani abu da aka sanya daga sama zai yi iyo a saman ruwan kuma an niƙa shi da foda ta hanyar aikin famfo yashi. ― An karbo daga daya daga cikin wasikun da Mark A. Kurtz ya rubuta zuwa ga G. Frederick Wright, mai kwanan wata 30 ga Nuwamba, 1889

Bugu da ƙari kuma, yayin da mutum zai iya hango wani dalili na yaudara (duk da cewa ra'ayin yaudara don inganta sabon gari mai iyaka ba wani marubuci ba ne, marubutan sunyi bincike), an bayyana mutanen da abin ya shafa a matsayin ƴan ƙasa a cikin al'umma. , kuma sun kasance amintacce sosai saboda maganganunsu.

Akwai, duk da haka, ko da yaushe yiwuwar cewa duk ba kamar yadda ya kasance ba. Wataƙila ba za mu taɓa sanin tabbas ba, amma wannan da yawa mun sani: da a ce binciken ya fito ne daga sararin samaniya inda ake sa ran kayan tarihin ɗan adam, da an sami raguwar cece-kuce a ciki. Don haka, ka'idodin juyin halitta na yanzu da kuma shimfidar jadawalin yanayin ƙasa bai kamata su hana karɓar kayan tarihi ko ƙasusuwan ɗan adam da aka samu a cikin stratum inda “hikima” ta al'ada ta hana.