Kafin Napoleon Bonaparte ya nada kansa sarkin Faransa a 1804, ya ɗauki adadi mai yawa na masana da masana kimiyya da aka sani da 'masu ceto' daga Faransa, ban da sojoji da sojoji. Shekarar 1798 ce, lokacin da waɗannan faransanci na jagorancin Napoleon suka fara yakin soji a Masar. A gefe guda kuma, haɗin gwiwar waɗannan masu ceto 165 a cikin yaƙe -yaƙe da dabarun sojojin Faransa a hankali ya ƙaru. Sakamakon haka, ya sake dawo da sha'awar Turai a tsohuwar Masar - abin da ake kira Egyptomania.
Taskar dukiyar Masar kamar tsoffin sassaka, papyri, har ma da mummuna an canja su daga kwarin Nilu zuwa gidajen tarihi a kewayen Turai. Liber Linteus (yana nufin "Littafin Linen" a yaren Latin) mummy da shahararriyar likkafanin lilin ɗin a ƙarshe sun sami hanyar shiga Gidan Tarihin Archaeological a Zagreb, Croatia.
A cikin 1848, Mihajlo Bari, wani jami'in Croatian a Gidan Sarautar Hungary, ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa ya zaɓi tafiya. Yayin da yake a Alexandria, Misira, Bari ta yanke shawarar siyan memento, sarcophagus dauke da mummy mace. Lokacin da Bari ya koma gidansa a Vienna, ya sanya mummy a madaidaiciyar matsayi a kusurwar ɗakin zama. Bari ya ɗauki mayafin lilin na mummy ya baje kolin shi a cikin katan ɗin gilashi dabam.
Bari ya mutu a cikin 1859, kuma ɗan'uwansa Ilija, firist a Slavonia, ya karɓi mummy. Ilija, wacce ba ta da sha'awar dabbobi, ta ba da gudummawar mummy da mayafinta na lilin zuwa Cibiyar Jiha ta Croatia, Slavonia, da Dalmatia (wanda aka sani da suna Archaeological Museum of Zagreb) a 1867.
Babu wanda ya lura da rubuce -rubucen enigmatic akan mayafin mummy har zuwa lokacin. An gano rubuce -rubucen ne kawai bayan da masanin ilimin masarautar Jamus Heinrich Brugsch (a 1867) ya yi nazarin mummy. Brugsch, yana ɗaukar su hieroglyphs na Masar, bai ci gaba da bin lamarin ba.
Brugsch ya yi taɗi na ban mamaki tare da abokinsa, ɗan kasada na Burtaniya Richard Burton, shekaru goma bayan haka. Sun tattauna runes, wanda ya sa Brugsch ya fahimci cewa rubutun da ke jikin mayafin lilin na mummy ba hieroglyphs na Masar bane, amma wani ɗan rubutun ne.
Duk da cewa duka mutanen biyu sun fahimci mahimmancin rubutun, sun yi kuskuren ɗauka cewa fassarar ce Littafin Matattu na Masar cikin Larabci. Daga baya an gano cewa an rubuta rubutun a cikin Etruscan-yaren wayewar Etruscan, a Italiya, a tsohuwar yankin Etruria (Tuscany na zamani da Umbria ta yamma da Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Lombardy da Campania).
Saboda kaɗan daga cikin tsoffin yaren ya rage, har yanzu ba a fahimci yaren Etruscan gaba ɗaya ba. Duk da haka, ana iya amfani da wasu jumla don ba da alamar batun Liberus Linteus. Liber Linteus ana ɗauka kalandar addini ce dangane da kwanakin da sunayen allah da ke cikin littafin.
Tambayar ita ce, menene ainihin littafin al'adun Etruscan yana yi akan mummy na Masar? Wata ka'ida ita ce, matattu attajiri ne na Etruscan wanda ya tsere zuwa Masar, ko dai a ƙarni na uku BC (Liber Linteus ya kasance kwanan wata zuwa wannan lokacin) ko kuma daga baya, kamar yadda Romawa suka haɗa ƙasar Etruscan.
Kafin a yi jana'izarta, an yi wa wannan budurwa kwaskwarima, kamar yadda aka saba yi ga attajiran baƙi da suka mutu a Masar. Ana iya bayyana bayyanar Liberus Linteus a matsayin abin tunawa da aka bar wa matattu a zaman wani ɓangare na al'adun jana'izar Etruscan. Babban batun shine guntun guntun papyrus wanda aka binne tare da mummy.
An bayyana wadanda suka mutu a cikin littafin a matsayin mace 'yar Masar mai suna Nesi-hensu, matar wani Theban' tela 'mai suna Paher-hensu. A sakamakon haka, da alama mai yiwuwa Liber Linteus da Nesi-hensu ba su da alaƙa, kuma lilin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen shirya wannan matar ta Masar don lahira ita ce kawai lilin da masu shafawa na goge-goge ke samu.
Liber Linteus shine mafi tsufa da aka sani da wanzuwar rubuce -rubuce a cikin yaren Etruscan sakamakon wannan 'hatsari' a cikin tarihi.
Etruscans sun rinjayi al'adun Romawa na farko. Misali haruffan Latin alal misali ana yin wahayi ne ta ɗayan Etruscan. Haka batun gine -gine, addini da wataƙila har ma da ƙungiyar siyasa. Kodayake Etruscan ya rinjayi Latin zuwa ainihinsa amma a ƙarshe ya maye gurbinsa a cikin 'yan ƙarni.
