A shekarar 2016, yayin da ake tono wani kauye mai suna Neolithic a Jiaojia - wani kauye da ke lardin Shandong na kasar Sin, an gano gawarwakin wasu dogayen mutane da suka rayu kimanin shekaru 5,000 da suka wuce. Ganin cewa ’yan Adam ba su taɓa yin tsayi fiye da yadda suke a yau ba, waɗannan “kattai” na dā babu shakka su ne abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba.
Masu bincike daga Jami'ar Shandong ne suka jagoranci tono wannan tonon. Bisa labarin da kamfanin dillancin labaran kasar Sin Xinhua ya bayar, an ce, a yayin wani balaguron binciken kimiya na kayan tarihi a Jiaojia, sun gano wani tarin abubuwan da aka gano masu ban sha'awa a wurin, wadanda suka hada da rugujewar gidaje 104, kaburbura 205, da kuma ramukan hadaya guda 20. Wurin shine wurin binne Neolithic marigayi lokacin da al'adun Longshan ke zaune a Kogin Yellow River, wanda kuma aka sani da "al'adun tukwane baƙar fata". Wannan rukunin al'adun Eneolithic ya bunƙasa a nan daga kusan 3000 zuwa 1900 BC.
Abin lura shi ne cewa bincike na kwarangwal da aka samu a lokacin tono ya nuna cewa mutanen zamanin da ba su da tsayi sosai - da yawa daga cikinsu sun wuce santimita 180. Ya zuwa yanzu, masu binciken kayan tarihi ba su bayar da rahoton adadin gawarwakin da aka samu da kuma irin jinsin su ba. Duk da haka, an san cewa tsayin mutum mafi tsayi da suka samu yana da kusan santimita 192. Ga maƙwabtansu, mazauna wannan ƙauyen, tabbas, sun zama kamar ƙattai na gaske. Kamar yadda wasu bincike suka nuna, mazan Neolithic na yau da kullun sun kai kusan santimita 167 tsayi kuma mata sun kai 155.
Kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka bayyana, irin wannan tsayin da ba a saba gani ba watakila ya kasance sakamakon kwayoyin halitta da tasirin muhalli. A haƙiƙa, girma ya kasance ma'anar ma'anar mutanen da ke zaune a Shandong a yau. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi a shekarar 2015, matsakaicin tsayin maza masu shekaru 18 a yankin ya kai santimita 179, wanda ya zarce centimita 5 fiye da kididdigar kasar.
Daya daga cikin jagororin masu binciken tonon sililin, Fang Hui (shugaban makarantar tarihi da al'adu na jami'ar Shandong) ya lura cewa wayewar marigayi Neolithic da aka gano ta tsunduma cikin aikin noma, wanda ke nufin cewa mazauna kauyen sun sami damar cin abinci iri-iri masu dadi da gina jiki. Daga cikin hatsi, gero ya fi girma, kuma aladu wani muhimmin bangare ne na kiwon dabbobi. Wannan tsayayyen abincin ya yi tasiri a jikin tsohuwar Sinawa, gami da tsayi, in ji Hui.
Abin sha’awa, an sami mutanen da suka fi tsayi a cikin al’adun Longshan a cikin kaburbura, wanda masana kimiyyar kayan tarihi suka danganta ga mazauna da ke da matsayi mafi girma na zamantakewa, wanda ke nufin za su iya cin abinci fiye da sauran.
Wataƙila maƙwabtan wannan ƙauyen ba su da samfura da yawa da irin wannan daidaitaccen abinci, kuma yanayin muhalli ya fi tsanani, wanda ya shafi ɗan gajeren tsayinsu. Af, wasu daga cikin mafi ƙanƙanta prehistoric mutane ne tsakiyar Amurka Mayans: matsakaicin mutum girma zuwa 158 santimita, da mace - har zuwa 146.
Duk da haka, yana iya yiwuwa tsayin daka a matsayin halayen kwayoyin halitta masu amfani ya wanzu tun kafin zamanin Neolithic da mutanen Longshan. Wannan yana tabbatar da wani bincike na baya-bayan nan da masana kimiyyar Czech (Jami'ar Masaryk) suka yi. Don haka, a cikin al'adun Gravetian, an samo kwayoyin halittu masu tsayi. Wadannan Turawa daga marigayi Paleolithic sun rayu daga 50 zuwa 10 shekaru dubu da suka wuce kuma sun kasance mafarauta, wanda zai iya rinjayar girman su. Wakilan mafi tsayi sun kai tsayin santimita 182.
Tunanin masu binciken Czech ya yi daidai da ra'ayin masanan binciken kayayyakin tarihi na kasar Sin. Don haka, babban marubucin labarin game da al'adun Gravettian, Pavel Grassgruber, ya ce:
Yawan yalwar sunadarai masu inganci da ƙarancin yawan jama'a sun haifar da yanayin muhalli wanda ya haifar da zaɓin halittar maza masu tsayi. ”
Koyaya, ba zai yiwu a faɗi tabbataccen dalilin da yasa wasu rukunin mutane ke da ƙima wasu kuma suna da girma. Abubuwa da yawa suna shafar ci gaban ɗan adam: muhalli, gado, cututtuka daban -daban, da sauransu. Saboda abubuwa da yawa masu canzawa, batun ci gaban kimiyya har yanzu yana da tabo da yawa.
