Toumaï shine sunan da aka ba wakilin burbushin farko na sahelanthropus tchadensis nau'in, wanda aka samu cikakken kokon kansa a Chadi, Afirka ta Tsakiya, a 2001. An yi kusan shekaru miliyan 7 da suka wuce, ana tsammanin Toumaï shine mafi tsufa da aka sani zuwa yau.
Gano Toumaï
A shekara ta 2001, masu bincike sun gano wani abin ban mamaki a yankin hamada na Arewacin Chadi: tarin ƙasusuwa da gutsutsuren kashi da ke zaune kusa da mafi yawan kwanyar kai. Masu binciken sun ba wa kwanyar suna “Toumaï,” wanda ke nufin “begen rayuwa” a cikin harshen Toubous, ko Goranes, yawan makiyaya da ke zaune a Chadi.
Siffofin kwanyar sun kasance mashup na tsofaffi da sababbi, ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙira amma tare da ƙananan hakoran canine-galibi sun fi ƙanƙanta a cikin hominins fiye da chimps, danginmu mafi kusa.
Yawan shekarun burbushin ne ya fi ban mamaki, duk da haka. Toumaï yana tsakanin shekaru miliyan 6 zuwa miliyan 7. A lokacin, masana burbushin halittu sun yi imanin cewa kakannin gama gari na ƙarshe da muke rabawa tare da chimps ya kasance aƙalla shekaru miliyan. Toumaï ya ba da shawarar rarrabuwa a cikin tsatsonmu ya faru da wuri fiye da tunani.
Kwanan baya kusan shekaru miliyan 7 da suka gabata, ana tsammanin Toumaï shine mafi tsufa wanda aka sani har zuwa yau. Ba da jimawa ba zai fara rarrabuwa tsakanin chimpanzees da layin ɗan adam. An ce namiji ne mai nauyin kilogram 35 da auna kusan mita ɗaya, wanda zai rayu a cikin wani daji kusa da wurin ruwa, kamar yadda burbushin kifi, kada da birai da aka samu a kusa da shi suka ba da shawara.
Hominid vs Hominin
Hominid - ƙungiya ta ƙunshi duk manyan birai na zamani da suka ɓace (wato, mutanen zamani, chimpanzees, gorillas da orang-utans da duk kakanninsu na kusa).
Homin - kungiyar ta kunshi mutane na zamani, dadaddun jinsunan mutane da duk kakanninmu na nan da nan (gami da membobin zuriyar Homo, Australopithecus, Paranthropus da Ardipithecus).
Toumaï Da Ka'idar "Labarin Gabas"
Gano Toumaï a cikin hamadar Djurab a Chadi, kusan kilomita 2,500 yamma da Babban Rift Valley na Afirka ta Gabas, wanda ake yi wa laƙabi da “shimfiɗar ɗan adam”, ya sanya shakku kan ka’idar “Labarin Gabas”. Wanda masanin burbushin halittu Yves Coppens ya gabatar, wannan hasashe ya bayyana cewa magabatan homo sapiens da sun bayyana a Gabashin Afirka sakamakon rikice -rikicen yanayi da yanayi.
Masu bincike sun ba da shawarar Toumaï na iya zama Abun Bipedal Primate!
Ga wasu masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, Toumaï har ma zai zama mai bipedal primate kuma zai kasance ɗaya daga cikin magabatan farko na layin ɗan adam. Bipedal primate yana nufin Toumaï na iya tafiya akan kafafu biyu. Koyaya, saboda ba a gano kasusuwa ko gutsuttsarin kashin da ke ƙasa da kwanyar (ragowar postcranial) ba, ba a san takamaiman ko Toumaï ya kasance mai bipedal ba, kodayake da'awar da aka sanya a baya an ba da shawarar cewa wannan na iya zama lamarin kuma Toumaï da gaske ne daya daga cikin mu.
Maganin foramen shine buɗewa a gindin kwanyar inda kashin baya ke fita. Kusurwar buɗewa na iya bayyana idan kashin baya ya shimfiɗa a bayan kwanyar, kamar yadda yake yi ga dabbobi masu kafafu huɗu, ko ya faɗi ƙasa, kamar yadda yake yi ga hominins bipedal. Ga sauran masana, akasin haka, zai zama biri kawai ba hominin ba kwata -kwata. Amma, hakan ne ??
