An gano shi a cikin 1995, monoliths a Gobekli Tepe a sarari ɗayan manyan abubuwan tarihin duniya ne. Lokacin da aka gano, da alama an binne shi da gangan cikin yashi, saboda dalilan da har yanzu ba a san su ba.
Abin da ma baƙon abu ne cewa Dating na carbon ya kiyasta shafin ya kusan shekaru 12,000! Daidaitaccen sassaƙa da aka yi amfani da shi lokacin ginin yana da ban sha'awa. Zuwa yanzu kashi 5% na wannan shafin mai ban mamaki ne kawai aka tono. Masana ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi sun yi niyyar barin yawancin abin da ba a taɓa yin sa ba don bincika su ta tsararraki masu zuwa lokacin da dabarun archaeological zai iya inganta.
Gano Gobekli Tepe:
Masana binciken kayan tarihi daga Jami'ar Istanbul da Jami'ar Chicago sun fara gano Gobekli Tepe a shekarar 1963 a yayin binciken archaeological. Amma ba su yi tunanin wani abu ba ne fiye da makabarta na da. Sun sami tudu tare da ragargaza ƙasan limestone kuma basu damu da neman ƙarin ba, tabbas babu wani abu da ya wuce 'yan ƙasusuwan da aka kwantar da su a ƙarni biyu da suka gabata.
A cikin 1994, Klaus Schmidt na Cibiyar Archaeological ta Jamus, wanda a baya yana aiki a Nevalı Çori, yana neman wani wurin don tono. Ya sake nazarin wallafe -wallafe na kayan tarihi a yankin da ke kewaye, ya sami ɗan taƙaitaccen bayanin masu binciken Chicago na 1963 na Gobekli Tepe, kuma ya yanke shawarar sake nazarin shafin. Bayan ya sami irin wannan tsarin a Nevalı Çori, ya gane yuwuwar cewa duwatsu da duwatsu sun kasance tarihi. A shekara mai zuwa, ya fara haƙa wurin tare da haɗin gwiwar Gidan Tarihin ıanlıurfa, kuma ba da daɗewa ba ya fara gano manyan ginshiƙan T-dimbin yawa. Wannan shine farkon farkon ɗayan manyan asirin tarihi.
Gobekli Tepe - Wani Bangaren Tarihi Mai Ban sha'awa:
Ana zaune a gefen arewa maso yamma na Mesopotamiya a kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya, Gobekli Tepe wani labari ne wanda ke isar da shi, wani tsauni na ɗan adam da aka gina daga tarin dubban shekaru na gini a saman kango na waɗanda suka zo kafin.
A matakin mafi ƙasƙanci wanda aka sani da Layer III, mafi mahimmancin gininsa ya koma 10,000 zuwa 11,000 BC, a ƙarshen Ice Age. Ya kasance lokacin da ya gabaci gabatar da rubuce -rubuce, kayan aikin ƙarfe har ma da amfani da keken a yankin a cikin shekaru 6,000. Koyaya, ta hanyar hanyar rediyo, ana iya gyara ƙarshen Layer III a kusan 9000 BC.
An yi amfani da fasaha mafi sauƙi kawai, tsoffin magina sun yi amfani da kayan aikin duwatsu don murƙushe manyan tubalan limestone cikin ginshiƙai, kowannensu yana auna tsakanin tan 11 zuwa 22. Sannan ɗaruruwan mutane za su yi aiki tare don motsa ginshiƙan ko'ina daga mita 100-500 zuwa hadaddun.
A wurin, an shirya manyan duwatsun a zoben madauwari kimanin ginshiƙai takwas madaidaiciya, kowannensu. Kowane ginshiƙi ya ƙunshi duwatsu guda biyu waɗanda ke yin T-dimbin yawa. Yawanci, an kafa ginshiƙai shida, waɗanda aka haɗa da ƙananan bango, a kewayen da'irar, kuma manyan ginshiƙai biyu suna tsakiyar. Ginshiƙan da suka fi tsayi sun kai ƙafa 16 a tsayi, kuma manyan zoben suna da ƙafa 65 a diamita. Zuwa yau, an gano ginshiƙai kusan 200 a wurin haƙa.
Gobekli Tepe Gallery:
Gobekli Tepe - Tsohuwar Haikali a Tarihin Dan Adam:
Wasu masana ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi suna hasashen cewa wurin da Gobekli Tepe ya ɗaga yana iya aiki a matsayin cibiyar ruhaniya a lokacin sa. A duk faɗin duniya da cikin lokaci, mutane sun ji daɗin gina manyan abubuwan tarihi. Don ba ku ra'ayin shekarun Gobekli Tepe nawa ne, yi la’akari da tsarin lokaci mai zuwa:
- 1644 AD: Ginin da aka yi a kan babbar bangon China ya ƙare tare da jimlar tsawonsa sama da kilomita 20,000.
- 1400-1600 AD: An gina moai akan Easter Island.
- 1372 AD: An kammala ginin Hasumiyar Leaning, da ke Pisa, Italiya, bayan shekaru 200 da gina ta.
- 1113-1150 AD: Khmer na kudu maso gabashin Asiya ya gina babban haikali ga Vishnu, Angkor Vat.
- 200 AD: An kammala Pyramid na Rana a Teotihuacan, Mexico.
- 220 BC: An fara aikin gina babbar ganuwar kasar Sin.
- 432 BC: An kammala “apotheosis na tsohon ginin Girka,” Parthenon.
- 3000-1500 BC: Kimanin shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata, wani gungun mahaukatan Neolithic Birtaniyya sun ɗebo manyan duwatsu huɗu a kan mil 140 don kafa Stonehenge a Salisbury Plain.
- 2550-2580 BC: An kammala kabarin Fir'auna Khufu, Babban Dala na Giza. Ya kasance mafi girman ginin mutum har zuwa 1311 lokacin da aka kammala Katolika na Lincoln a Ingila.
- 4500-2000 BC: Pre-Celts sun yanke kuma sanya sama da duwatsu 3,000 a Carnac, Faransa.
- 9130-8800 BC: Tsarin gine -gine 20 na farko a Gobekli Tepe an gina su, da gaske, a ƙarshen Pleistocene ko Ice Age.
Sirrin da Gobekli Tepe ya bari:
Gobekli Tepe, wanda a zahiri hadaddun ya ƙunshi haikali da yawa, yana iya kasancewa haikali na farko a duniya da mutum yayi. Shaidun da aka samu a wurin sun nuna cewa an yi amfani da shi ne don dalilai na addini. Yawancin ginshiƙan da ke wurin akwai tushen T, wanda ya kai tsayin mita 6, kuma suna da nau'ikan dabbobi iri-iri kamar bijimai, macizai, dawakai, kuranga, zakuna, da sauransu waɗanda aka sassaka su.
Babban abin mamaki shine wasu ginshiƙai suna auna tsakanin tan 40-60, wanda ke haifar da hasashe kan yadda zai yiwu ga magabata su gina irin wannan abin tunawa yayin da har yanzu ba a ƙirƙira kayan aiki na asali ba. Dangane da ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi, mutanen wancan zamanin ana ɗaukarsu mafarauta ne marasa ƙwarewa waɗanda ke amfani da ƙananan makamai marasa ƙarfi waɗanda aka yi da duwatsu kuma ba su ma cimma wani salo na fasaha na asali ba.
Muhimmancin Gobekli Tepe ya ta'allaka ne akan cewa mutanen da suka rayu a can sun sami ci gaba sosai fiye da yadda ake tsammani a baya. Wannan babban binciken archaeological kawai yana girgiza 'fahimtarmu ta al'ada ta wayewa' zuwa ainihin.
A wannan lokacin, Masanan Taurarin Dan Adam sun gabatar da kaidarsu mai gamsarwa cewa halittu daga wata duniyar za su iya taimaka wa dan Adam a cikin wannan zamanin da kuma ba su damar ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan abubuwa masu ban sha'awa ba kawai a cikin Turkiyya ba, a cikin ƙasashe da yawa a duk duniya.
Kammalawa:
Mutum yakamata ya kasance mai farautar farauta a lokacin ginin Gobekli Tepe. Kasancewar rukunin yanar gizon a halin yanzu ya riga ya zama abin da kimiyya ta koyar zai zama mai mahimmanci a gina wani abu akan sikelin kamar waɗancan tsarukan. Misali, rukunin yanar gizon yana bayyana kafin kwanakin yarjejeniya don ƙirƙirar fasaha da zane-zane. Har ma ya riga mutum ya yi aiki da karafa da tukwane amma yana da alamun duk waɗannan.
Matsalar ba a cikin kasancewar abubuwan tarihi na Gobekli Tepe ba, a zahiri, matsalar tana cikin abin da muka rasa, tarihin da muka rasa. Idan muka waiwaya baya a cikin tarihi za mu ga akwai dubunnan abubuwan ban mamaki da suka faru a cikin ɗan ƙaramin tarihin ɗan adam. Kuma idan muka ajiye zanen kogon (wanda ba zai kawo babban bambanci ba), ɓangaren da masana tarihi da masana kimiyya da alama sun sani wataƙila bai wuce kashi 3-10%ba.
Masana tarihi sun samo mafi yawan tarihin tsoffin bayanai daga rubuce -rubuce iri -iri. Kuma wayewar Mesopotamiya, wacce ta ƙunshi mutanen da muke kira Sumerians, sun fara amfani da rubutaccen rubutun sama da shekaru 5,500 da suka gabata. “Anatomically Na zamani homo sapiens” ko homo sapiens sapiens na farko ya wanzu kusan shekaru 200,000 da suka gabata. Don haka daga cikin shekaru 200k na tarihin ɗan adam, 195.5k ba su da takardu. Wanda yake nufi kusan kashi 97% na tarihin ɗan adam ya ɓace a yau. Kuma Tebe na Gobekli yana misalta ɗan ƙaramin abu amma mai mahimmanci na wannan tarihin da aka rasa.
